4 Wheel Drive System

4-wheel drive (four-wheel drive 4WD or 4X4 abbreviated) is the term used on vehicles that have a driving force on all four wheels. Vehicle which has a capacity of 4 × 4 aims to gain sufficient traction in all road conditions, for example, for use in rugged terrain such as steep climbs, slippery roads or muddy roads, usually this kind of vehicle type jeep or SUV.

Ways of working

On vehicles with 4-wheel drive, the machine is connected to the center differential (transfer case) that divides the power to the rear wheels and front wheels. Because when using 4-wheel drive, the machine can higher energy use, usually only used 4-wheel drive only when needed, to turn over certain buttons or levers.

Models and types

Based on the model and type, can be grouped as follows:

• Part time. Operation 4WD only at certain times according to road conditions.
• Full time. 4WD is always plugged in all road conditions.
• Manual. 4WD activation is done mechanically by shaking a certain lever. In some types of vehicles even need to be rotated as the wheel axles.
• Automatic. 4WD activation is done by the (semi-automatic) or a specific sensor (full automatic).

In its application, various vehicles combine all four models or types mentioned above.

Driver of the vehicle has an important role in the stability and traction. Good mover system will have the stability and traction control are good. But it all depends on the terrain where the vehicle is used. For example, a vehicle with Computerized All whell drive, it will not mean much when the driving grandparents in the city full of jam. No best drive system, there is a drive system in accordance with the functions and field's his best. But it never hurts to understand some type of vehicle propulsion, making it easier to understand when buying a vehicle.

Principles and workings of the drive system is to deliver and distribute power from primemover (engine or electric motor or a combination in between) to each wheel (or wheels only). Proper distribution of power it will have an impact on the power of effective and efficient, which ultimately will make the vehicles become more efficient. Thanks For Read Electronic And Mechanic.

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Knowledge a Parts of Tower Crane

Parts Tower Crane

Tower Crane consists of Base Section, Section Mast, Telescopic Set, Slewing, Counter Jib, Chad Head, Section and Hook Jib + Trolley. Tower Crane made of steel material. As can be seen, the structure of this tower crane is standard and standards, and these standards are usually derived from the manufacturer of the tower crane maker.

The following are the parts of a Tower Crane:

Jib, is part of the tower crane long and can rotate horizontally by 360 ° or often called the tower crane arm that serves to lift materials or tools on the project with the help of a steel cable (sling).
Counter weight, in the form of concrete ballast located on the back of the tower crane which serves to provide the balance of the tower crane.
Mast section, is part of a tower crane that determine the height of a tower crane, where the installation of each mast section assisted with hydraulic tools to construct the mast section to the vertical direction.
Joint pin, is part of the tower crane is a tower crane operators operate.
Seatbelts (collar frames or anchorages frame). After the height of the tower crane beyond the limits of free standing permitted by the manufacturer, tower crane shall be installed seatbelts (tie beam) are attached to the building (column). In the installation, be aware that the construction is stable bracing force receiving tensile and compressive loads.

Pic by Google

Function a Parts Of Tower Crane

Tower cranes including multifunctional machine in project activities or too tall building bridges. For example, do the work of removal of construction materials to the higher ground, nor further then. Work will be more efficient with the use of tower cranes were compared using human power. Tower cranes can also help us in transporting the materials or heavy construction equipment and unloading purposes.

In addition, the tower crane is also used normally to transport concrete bucket for casting the column at high altitudes as well as transport equipment and auxiliary materials for structural work, such as air compressor, column formwork, flying table form, iron rods, as well as tools and other materials . The entire project is strongly influenced by the operational functioning of the tower crane, due to the dominant role for the smooth course of the construction project

Given the importance of an efficient work in a project, then Tower Crane plays an important role in every project. But do not forget other important factors relating to the structure and proper placement so that the efficiency of actually materialize.

This is Electronic And Mechanic. Thanks for read.

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Knowledge About Tower Crane

Tower cranes are widely used for development projects-rise buildings and bridges. By using Tower Crane then work easier and faster than using a conventional system. Tool in every project very important role in the success of a job. Nothing moves alone, everything is coordinated into a team that mutually support each other. One of the important elements in a work on the development project called Tower Crane. Tower Crane is a tool that has to do with access to materials and construction materials in a project. When further elaborated, function closer to the vertical-horizontal mobilization tools are extremely helpful in the implementation of structural work.

Tower cranes are usually rented with a price that is in it already bundling element shipping costs (transportation to the location), methods (installation and dismantling) and repatriation (transport up to its original place). Tower cranes are widely used for development projects-rise buildings and bridges. By using Tower Crane then work easier and faster than using a conventional system or the old way. In the past, project work rarely using Tower Crane, many people helped by using ordinary Derek and using manpower in working on high rise building projects.

Placement Of Tower Crane

Placement Tower Crane require careful planning and proper. This careful planning should refer to the structure of the buildings constructed and field conditions. Moreover, if there are a lot of Tower Crane mounted in a construction project, must be taken into account also the range of each Tower Crane mounted. This is important given the wrong placement of Tower Crane will result in ineffective functioning of Tower Crane itself. Tower cranes should be placed as possible in order to reach all areas of the project by using the long arm (jib length) are as short as possible without having to do the work of assembling the Tower Crane. The farther radius jib, then lift capability decreases.

In addition, the capacity of the selected Tower Crane also plays an important role in facilitating the work Construction. On choosing Tower Crane, must be taken into account duty, the amount and distribution of time.

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Safe Driving at Night

Given the quality of the lighting in the evening on the road is not good and your concentration power also tends to decrease, you certainly should try to be more careful while driving a vehicle. Because, the darkness of night can increase the risk of accidents are already high. Especially in the rain, with visibility shorter so it will be more dangerous for you. To cope with the things that are not desirable, try to follow the tips below.

• Clean the glass window. Make sure the entire windshield is always clean so that your vision or clear visibility. For that, make sure the container of windshield cleaner always filled, so you can clean the glass at any time. To be better for cleaning, use a cleaning additive which is able to remove the dirt that sticks to the windshield.
• Fix the spotlight. The headlights are not optimal in the vehicle could endanger road safety. For example, if the position of headlights are pointing up, it can dazzle the driver of the car from the opposite direction. Do the right lamp position adjustment in the workshop that can do the job.
• Improve the quality of lighting. To maximize lighting car, replace a conventional bulb with a type of high intensity discharge lighter. Several types of bulbs are fitted with low beam lighting is better, especially when the weather is less friendly. But you should also equipped with a relay that electric current in accordance with the required car.
• Clean car. Because, the surface of the paint on the car body clean can reflect light better than a dirty car. You can also attach reflective tape on the bumpers, and side molding that can optimize visibility around the car. So that other motorists can keep a distance with your car better and carefully.
• Clear glass headlights. Dirty headlights will not emit light optimally, especially when it rains. Should be cleaned with a damp cloth and then dry with a dry cloth. You can also clean with glass cleaner so that the result is perfect.
• Avoid dark window film. We recommend using the darkness of window film that 'reasonable', for the sake of the safety factor driving at night. Ideally, the darkness is no more than 40% to the side and rear glass, and no more than 20% for the windshield.

Still keep you safe day or night. Follow along tips from Electronic And Mechanic.

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Sand Sieve Machine

Sand sieve machine is a type of machine that is used to filter and separate the sand from the other particles. These machines are usually used in the mining industry such as oil drilling, allowing the results obtained oil has been separated from the sand. There also are using this machine in a smaller-scale mining. Here, sieving machine serves as a divider between the mineral with sand particles.

Sand sifter machine is made of metal with varying sizes depending on the intended use. A machine may be only able to sift the sand of the cart together, but machine B can sift the number of infinite capacity as well.

The most frequent use of this machine can be found in the mining of petroleum and natural gas. Here, the machine used generally have a very large diameter. This allows oil and natural gas can be directly filtered while ensuring the rest of the sand can get out on the planned path. With this principle, the particles can be prevented from entering the wrong place, where it can slow down the production process.

Sand Sieve Machine General

In general, sand sifter machine is made of stainless steel so that the anti-rust and conditions can be maintained. Stainless steel tends to be more resistant when exposed to natural gas or crude oil. This enables them to resist chemical corrosion and ensure a long-life.

Sieving the sand is usually categorized according to the size of the hole (mesh) has. Selection mesh for sifting process must be done carefully in accordance with the particle size, volume, and flow of oil to be processed. Large mesh size which allows the amount of sand that comes out of the machine will be more. Whereas, if the mesh is too small, it could be actually slow down the mining process because the sand will be difficult to get out of the sieve.

In the world, the use of this machine in addition to the mining industry is also widely used in building material industry. In this place, the machine serves as a sieving sand to be classified according to the quality and smoothness.

There are 2 types of sand sieving machine when differentiated according to how it works, among others:

Vibrating Screen: The machine moves to the circumferential direction at the same time filter sand in it.
Vibrating Feeder: The machine vibrates and moves slowly. Results vibration causes the sand filter bouncing and falling underneath.

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How To Maintenance Brake System

For brake maintenance can always work so well, in fact it is not too difficult, because it is more to light maintenance, among others:

1. Clean the disc brakes with brake cleaner blowing compressors order of dust and pebbles that sticks
2. Check the condition of the brake shoes / brake pads every 10,000 miles multiples
3. Check the brake disc flatness level every 25,000 miles.

Maintenance Brake System

Additionally thing to know is that your vehicle brakes can sometimes work up to a temperature of 800 ° C, especially if you used the old vehicle with excess weight condition and passed through many generations.

Specifically related to the derivative, the tips of Rally Driver to improve brake performance, is to take advantage of engine braking, which is using a low gear while holding RPM, so that the engine can put a halt to your vehicle, before helping brakes work alone. Engine Brake can you do on a vehicle with a transition manual, automatic or CVT (Continously Variable Transmission).

Basically iron brake it, and brake pad material that is essentially carbon. The brake system works on the friction that always generates heat. So be careful when we walk away definitely be getting hot brakes. Vigilant in case of brake heat like this, do not pass through a puddle of water because it can cause cracks in the iron itself.

The most minor damage is made plates becomes uneven instantaneous, and cause your brakes to vibrate. For that immediately consult the nearest repair shop without looking at the schedule checks, as already mentioned above.

Similarly, a glimpse of the braking system maintenance. Probably still very many shortcomings and future braking system may be more sophisticated and how maintenance will be easier and it does not cost very expensive. Update news continues in Electronic And Mechanic and get the benefits for all of your vehicle maintenance.

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Knowledge About Braking System

Brake is one important part of the vehicle. In conducting such a long and tiring trip journey to return home, the performance of the brakes must be ensured in good condition for a while to help maintain the safety of driving.

First of all, it helps us to know the kinds of brakes. Then we also have to know the technology on a brake mechanism, as well as a variety of brake fluid that exist at this time.

There are 3 types of brakes we know that:

1. Disc Brakes

Brake disc itself subdivided into:

• Regular disc brakes, which brakes the brake discs which resembles a plate and how it works by clamping the brake disc so that the vehicle stops.
• Ventilated disc brakes, disc brakes exactly the same as usual, but the dial thicker as overlapping, and in the middle there is the empty air cavities in the lattice so called ventilated discs.

2. Brake Drum

In the decade of the 50s, drum brakes operated via a brake, and shaped like a bowl, so there are two brake shoes that move toward the left and right side. Over time, brake drum has now evolved into the rear drum brakes with hydraulic front.

3. Brake wind

which is actually a hydraulic drum brakes with the help of the wind so it is known to be an air brake. This brake is usually used for heavy vehicles.

The second is about the technology behind the brake, among others:

Conventional Brakes is a system that is always running based on the movement of the driver's reflexes, but usually this brake system weaknesses that human reflexes are not the same in a state of panic. The driver stepped on the brake pedal with excessive force, causing the tires locked and it is happening is not controlled vehicle and the accident is inevitable.

Tool ABS (Anti-lock Brake System), which has become standard safety equipment daily. How does the ABS true?

Lots going on vehicles with ABS just can not avoid accidents that could be avoided. This is because the driver is not familiar with the workings of ABS. As an illustration, when a vehicle with ABS through the streets slippery and had to stop suddenly, the ABS system will work as closely as possible to achieve the best brake so that the vehicle can be stopped.

ABS braking frequency always have dozens of times per second to avoid tire locked (to produce the best brake), but the consequences on the brake pedal will arise sound loud enough, and there will be a movement of the pedal that is not experienced before.

This sometimes makes the drivers who do not understand, just lift the brake pedal when the ABS works, because obviously a millisecond we think that there is a system that is wrong or damage to the brake pedal. International rally driver suggested to all drivers who use vehicles with ABS on a chance to try the system.

It's easy, the road in a quiet place with a speed of about 40-50 km / h and then stepped on the brake pedal as hard as strong, so we can feel what is called the system ABS. Loud sound is heard no vehicles damaged but so is how the ABS. Due to the mechanism ABS is a hydraulic pump which works on the friction between the two iron ore around your vehicle brakes.

EDB (Electronic Brake System). This is a more advanced system after the ABS. This system can detect the level of the grip needs brakes on each corner or between front and rear based on the weight of the vehicle at the time.

For example, if the vehicle is empty and not using ABS and EBD, then when the brake pedal is applied, at the time the car will swoop down and all styles will be resting on the front. The effect is as if we are pulling the hand brake at a certain speed, and this can cause the car reversed. But with the EDB system, the system is always able to detect brake parts which require extra power, and what parts need to be reduced so that the vehicle remains stable grip.

Brake Assist is a system that greatly assist the driver when he stepped on the brake pedal. With the system will break assists pedal feels much lighter, because the system always helps the driver to determine the level of braking the brake when the driver reacts, either fast or slow.

For example, in a jammed state, we just step on the brake pedal a little once to stop the car, but with a high speed that the slightest pressure can stop the vehicle for assistance Brake Assist. The point system is always help the driver to not have to hit the brakes very hard to control the termination of the vehicle.

The third thing that must be understood in relation to the vehicle brakes are various types of brake fluid that exists today, which uses standard code DOT (Department of Transportation). Among others are DOT 3, DOT 4, DOT 5, the higher the DOT, the more dilute the oil and the higher the temperature resistance level.

However, the higher the DOT will add pressure on the brake hose. To select a suitable brake fluid for your vehicle, racer has advised to always read the reference election brake fluid contained in the manual of your vehicle.

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Cause Temperature Fast Car Engine Heat

Rapid temperature heat engine is the condition of the car that can not be taken lightly, because it becomes a sign of disturbance in the cooling system components such as the water pump, radiator and cooling fan.

There is some possibility that the culprit of the problem. The first possibility is the condition of the radiator cap which has been inadequate. Try checking these components, particularly rubber / seal. If you've seen brittle, should be replaced because the rubber will withstand water pressure increases when the engine starts. If the condition of the radiator cap is not good, the water in the radiator will come out as a result of these pressures.

The second possibility is causing rapid engine temperature heat is leaking radiator which is often not seen in a cold engine (unless the leak is severe enough). A small leak will be visible when the engine is hot, that is to make sure it is worth noting the trace leaks in the form of former brown water flow dries.

A third possibility is dirt or rust clogging the radiator. If allowed to stand, it would disrupt the flow of cooling water and automatic making machine heat faster. To avoid this, regularly drain the radiator and coolant should use substances that are generally equipped with stainless. When draining the radiator, check the channels that are connected to the radiator. Make sure the parts in a clean condition.

Last possibility, examine whether the fan belt is still functioning properly. As for the electric fan, whether these components work properly when the engine temperature reaches a specified threshold. Disturbances in these components could have occurred on the switch and electric propulsion.

Update news about the engine in Electronic And Mechanic and applied in daily care of your machine.

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